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Textual Magic

Charms and Written Amulets in Medieval England

Publication supported by the Bevington Fund

An expansive consideration of charms as a deeply integrated aspect of the English Middle Ages.
 

Katherine Storm Hindley explores words at their most powerful: words that people expected would physically change the world. Medieval Europeans often resorted to the use of spoken or written charms to ensure health or fend off danger. Hindley draws on an unprecedented archive of more than a thousand such charms from medieval England—more than twice the number gathered, transcribed, and edited in previous studies and including many texts still unknown to specialists on this topic. Focusing on charms from 1100 to 1350 CE as well as previously unstudied texts in Latin, French, and English, Hindley addresses important questions of how people thought about language, belief, and power. She describes seven hundred years of dynamic, shifting cultural landscapes, where multiple languages, alphabets, and modes of transmission gained and lost their protective and healing power. Where previous scholarship has bemoaned a lack of continuity in the English charms, Hindley finds surprising links between languages and eras, all without losing sight of the extraordinary variety of the medieval charm tradition: a continuous, deeply rooted part of the English Middle Ages.

312 pages | 18 halftones, 26 tables | 6 x 9 | © 2023

Literature and Literary Criticism: British and Irish Literature

Medieval Studies

Reviews

“Hindley paints a picture of magic’s place in medieval England, producing an eye-opening study of ‘words at their most powerful’ . . .  that promise[s] to change the way we think about magic in the medieval world.”

Mary Flannery | Times Literary Supplement

"Hindley is a sure-footed guide to this strange terrain . . . [as] she traces the use of amulets across the whole span of the Middle Ages and the ways it was affected by linguistic change and the spread of literacy."

London Review of Books

“The first systematic, long-durée survey of these charms in medieval England, ranging from the pre-Conquest period to the early sixteenth century. . . the book [is] a good repository of primary source material for teaching as well as a valuable contribution to charm research. . . . An accessible, engaging, and original path into a large body of material.”

Speculum

"A thought-provoking look at the distinctive ways medieval English people viewed language [that] intrigues. It’s an enlightening deep dive."

Publishers Weekly

“A major push forward . . . [that] this flies in the face of the current scholarly orthodoxy that oral and literate cultures were indivisible: it appears that writing was perceived as having its own power, which transcended that of speech.”

Fortean Times

"Hindley’s book seeks to establish the extent of the textual record for charms, not only as it is commonly recognized in the early medieval period but across the Middle Ages, and thus to assert the truly integral place of powerful words (the “textual magic” of her title) in medieval life."

Modern Philology

“A look at how spoken and written charms were used to improve health or send danger packing drawing on more than 1,000 different charms from medieval England, many of which were previously unknown. With texts in Latin, French, and English, Hindley focuses on what they reveal about language, belief, and power.”

Fine Books & Collections

“Hindley carefully and fruitfully rethinks what charms tell us about written and oral aspects of culture, drawing on a wonderfully abundant collection of source material from a period in which charms proliferated but were often kept secret. A valuable contribution to the history of magic, her book sheds light on both an impressively diverse archive and the implications of their textuality.”

Richard Kieckhefer, Northwestern University

“Hindley guides readers through the complete history of spoken and written charms in medieval England with seasoned ease. Through close readings and the latest archaeological insights, Textual Magic offers an indispensable introduction to medieval English charms, packed with examples in both their original language and modern English translation.”

Lea Olsan, University of Louisiana at Monroe

Textual Magic is a significant new work in medieval studies, generously illustrated with images and transcriptions of charm texts. In particular, Hindley’s focus on the instructions accompanying charms and her awareness of their multilingual contexts are welcome additions to the literature on verbal charms.”

Jonathan Roper, University of Tartu

Table of Contents

List of Boxes
Note on Translation and Transcription
Abbreviations
Introduction Reading, Writing, and Charming
Chapter 1 The Powers of Charm-Words and Relics
Chapter 2 Before 1100: “Textual Magic” in Pre-Conquest England
Chapter 3 1100 to 1350: Charm Language and the Boundaries of Text
Chapter 4 1350 to 1500: “A Fayre Charme on Englysh”
Conclusion The Changing Power of Words
Acknowledgments
Manuscripts Cited
Works Cited
Index

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