Classical scholar, art collector, and philanthropist—James Loeb is one of the most impressive personalities of the twentieth century. The son of a German-Jewish banker in New York, Loeb followed his artistic and art historical inclinations and used his tremendous wealth for the purpose of cultural and social philanthropism. He lived for his artistic interests, owning an outstanding collection of Greek, Etruscan, and Roman artworks, and he founded the Loeb Classical Library, in addition to providing extensive financial support for educational and social institutions. Marking the hundred and fiftieth anniversary of Loeb’s birth, this publication examines the patron’s life and work and outlines his scholarly achievements.