Osiris, Volume 30
Scientific Masculinities
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9780226182490
Osiris, Volume 30
Scientific Masculinities
This volume of Osiris integrates gender analysis with the global history of science and medicine from the late Middle Ages to the present by focusing on masculinity. The premise is that social constructions of masculinity function simultaneously as foils for femininity and as methods of differentiating between “kinds” of men. In exploring scientific masculinities, the book asks: how has masculinity been defined, and what are the mechanisms by which it operates in science? The essays are divided into sections that emphasize the importance of gender to the practices of professionalization, the spaces in which scientific, technological, and medical labor is performed, and the ways that sex, gender, and sexual orientation are measured and serve as metaphors in society and culture.
Table of Contents
INTRODUCTION
An Introduction to Scientific Masculinities
Erika Lorraine Milam and Robert A. Nye
PROFESSIONALIZATION AND GENDER NORMS
Erecting Sex: Hermaphrodites and the Medieval Science of Surgery
Leah DeVun
“Beards, Sandals, and Other Signs of Rugged Individualism”: Masculine Culture within the Computing Professions
Nathan Ensmenger
Men in Groups: Anthropology and Aggression, 1965–84
Erika Lorraine Milam
Manliness and Exploration: The Discovery of the North Pole
Michael Robinson
SCIENTIFIC LABOR AND GENDERED SPACES
Prosthetic Manhood in the Soviet Union at the End of World War II
Frances Bernstein
Recipes for Men: Manufacturing Makeup and the Politics of Production in 1910s China
Eugenia Lean
Mountaineering, Masculinity, and the Male Body in Mid-Victorian Britain
Michael S. Reidy
Masculine Knowledge, the Public Good, and the Scientific Household of Réaumur
Mary Terrall
MEASURES AND METAPHORS OF GENDER
Detecting and Teaching Desire: Phallometry, Freund, and Behaviorist Sexology
Nathan Ha
Half a Man: The Symbolism and Science of Paraplegic Impotence in World War II America
Beth Linker and Whitney Laemmli
Maintaining Masculinity in Mid-Twentieth-Century American Psychology: Edwin Boring, Scientific Eminence, and the “Woman Problem”
Alexandra Rutherford
Sexual Violence, Predatory Masculinity, and Medical Testimony in New Spain
Zeb Tortorici
Notes on Contributors
Index
An Introduction to Scientific Masculinities
Erika Lorraine Milam and Robert A. Nye
PROFESSIONALIZATION AND GENDER NORMS
Erecting Sex: Hermaphrodites and the Medieval Science of Surgery
Leah DeVun
“Beards, Sandals, and Other Signs of Rugged Individualism”: Masculine Culture within the Computing Professions
Nathan Ensmenger
Men in Groups: Anthropology and Aggression, 1965–84
Erika Lorraine Milam
Manliness and Exploration: The Discovery of the North Pole
Michael Robinson
SCIENTIFIC LABOR AND GENDERED SPACES
Prosthetic Manhood in the Soviet Union at the End of World War II
Frances Bernstein
Recipes for Men: Manufacturing Makeup and the Politics of Production in 1910s China
Eugenia Lean
Mountaineering, Masculinity, and the Male Body in Mid-Victorian Britain
Michael S. Reidy
Masculine Knowledge, the Public Good, and the Scientific Household of Réaumur
Mary Terrall
MEASURES AND METAPHORS OF GENDER
Detecting and Teaching Desire: Phallometry, Freund, and Behaviorist Sexology
Nathan Ha
Half a Man: The Symbolism and Science of Paraplegic Impotence in World War II America
Beth Linker and Whitney Laemmli
Maintaining Masculinity in Mid-Twentieth-Century American Psychology: Edwin Boring, Scientific Eminence, and the “Woman Problem”
Alexandra Rutherford
Sexual Violence, Predatory Masculinity, and Medical Testimony in New Spain
Zeb Tortorici
Notes on Contributors
Index